MASS

 

 

 

 

Decade of mass

Mass of item

Item

10−36 kg

3.6 × 10−36 kg

Electron neutrino, upper limit on mass (2 eV/c²)

10−35 kg

 

 

10−34 kg

 

 

10−33 kg

 

 

10−32 kg

 

 

10−31 kg

9.1 × 10−31 kg

Electron (511 keV/c²), the lightest elementary particle with a measured nonzero mass.

10−30 kg

 

 

10−29 kg

 

 

10−28 kg

1.9 × 10−28 kg

Muon (106 MeV/c²)

10−27 kg
yoctogram (yg)

1.661 × 10−27 kg

Atomic mass unit (amu) or dalton (Da)

1.673 × 10−27 kg

Proton (938.3 MeV/c²)

1.674 × 10−27 kg

Hydrogen atom, the lightest atom

1.675 × 10−27 kg

Neutron (939.6 MeV/c²)

10−26 kg

1.15 × 10−26 kg

Lithium atom (6.941 amu)

2.99 × 10−26 kg

Water molecule (18.015 amu)

7.95 × 10−26 kg

Titanium atom (47.867 amu)

10−25 kg

1.79 × 10−25 kg

Silver atom (107.8682 amu)

1.6 × 10−25 kg

Z boson (91.2 GeV/c²)

3.1 × 10−25 kg

Top quark (173 GeV/c²), the heaviest known elementary particle

3.2 × 10−25 kg

Caffeine molecule (194 amu)

3.45 × 10−25 kg

Lead-208 atom, the heaviest stable atom

10−24 kg
zeptogram (zg)

 

 

10−23 kg

 

 

10−22 kg

1.1 × 10−22 kg

Hemoglobin A molecule

10−21 kg
attogram (ag)

 

 

10−20 kg

10 −20 kg

A small virus

10−19 kg

 

 

10−18 kg
femtogram (fg)

 

 

10−17 kg

1.1 × 10−17 kg

Mass equivalent of one joule

4.6 × 10−17 kg

Mass equivalent of a calorie; increase in mass by heating one gram of water by 1 °C

10−16 kg

7 × 10−16 kg

Escherichia coli bacterium

10−15 kg
picogram (pg)

 

 

10−14 kg

 

 

10−13 kg

 

 

10−12 kg
nanogram (ng)

10−12 kg

Average cell of the human body (1 nanogram)

10−11 kg

1.5 × 10−11 kg

Lethal dose of botulin toxin (the deadliest substance known) - about 200 pg/kg of body mass, so a 15 ng dose would kill almost anybody.

10−10 kg

 

 

10−9 kg
microgram (µg)

2 × 10−9 kg

Uncertainty in the mass of the prototype kilogram (2 micrograms)

3 × 10−9 kg

Small grain of sand (0.063 mm diameter, 3 micrograms)

10−8 kg

2.2 × 10−8 kg

Planck mass

10−7 kg

10−7 kg

"Hit" of LSD (100 micrograms)

2 × 10−7 kg

Lethal dose of ricin (200 micrograms)

10−6 kg
milligram (mg)

1–2 × 10−6 kg

Typical mass of a mosquito (1–2 milligrams)

10−5 kg

1–3 × 10−5

Dose of DXM per labeling on most products (10-30 milligrams)

9 × 10−5

Large grain of sand (2 mm diameter, 90 milligrams)

10−4 kg

1.5 × 10−4 kg

Typical amount of caffeine in one cup of coffee (150 milligrams)

2 × 10−4 kg

Metric carat (200 milligrams)

1–2 × 10−4 kg

Maximum legal caffeine pill in United States (0.1–0.2 grams)

3 × 10−4 kg

Hallucinogenic dose for mescaline (0.3 grams)

10−3 kg
gram (g)

10−3 kg

One millilitre of water (1 gram)

8 × 10−3 kg

Typical coins: euro (7.5 grams) and U.S. dollar (8.1 grams)

10−2 kg

1 × 10−2 kg

Lethal dose of caffeine for an adult (10 grams)

1.2–4 × 10−2 kg

Adult mouse (Mus musculus, 12–40 grams)

2.4 × 10−2 kg

Amount of ethanol in one drink (24 grams)

2.8 × 10−2 kg

Ounce (avoirdupois) (28.35 grams)

10−1 kg

0.15 kg

Human kidney (150 grams)

0.454 kg

Pound (avoirdupois) (454 grams)

1 kg
kilogram (kg)

1 kg

One litre of water, approx.

3 kg

Newborn human baby

4.0 kg

Women's shotput

5–7 kg

Housecat

5–9 kg

Pizote

7.3 kg

Men's shotput

101 kg

10–30 kg

A CRT computer monitor or television set

15–20 kg

Medium-sized dog

70 kg

Adult human

102 kg

100 kg

Quintal (mainly U.S. - other countries have different definitions)

180–250 kg

Mature lion, female (180 kg) and male (250 kg)

700 kg

Dairy cow

907 kg

Short ton (U.S.)

103 kg
megagram (Mg)

1000 kg

Metric ton; one cubic metre of water

1016 kg

Ton (British) / 1 long ton (U.S.)

800–1600 kg

Typical passenger automobiles

3000–7000 kg

Adult elephant

104 kg

1.1 × 104 kg

Hubble Space Telescope (11 tons)

1.2 × 104 kg

Largest elephant on record (12 tons)

1.4 × 104 kg

Bell of Big Ben (14 tons)

8–10 × 104 kg

Largest known dinosaur, the Argentinosaurus (80–100 tons)

105 kg

105 kg

Largest animal, the blue whale (100 tons)

1.87 × 105 kg

International Space Station (187 tons)

6 × 105 kg

Antonov An-225 (the world's heaviest aircraft) maximum take-off mass (600 tons)

106 kg
gigagram (Gg)

1.5 × 106 kg

Individual gate of the Thames Barrier

2.041 × 106 kg

Launch mass of the Space Shuttle (2041 tons)

107 kg

1.1 × 107 kg

Annual production of Darjeeling tea (11,000 tons)

2.6 × 107 kg

RMS Titanic (26,000 tons)

9.97 × 107 kg

Heaviest train ever (99,700 tons): Australia's BHP Iron Ore, 2001 record

108 kg

6.5 × 108 kg

Largest ship, Knock Nevis, when fully loaded (650,000 tons)

109 kg
teragram (Tg)

4.3 × 109 kg

Amount of matter converted into energy by the Sun each second

6 × 109 kg

Great Pyramid of Giza

1010 kg

6 × 1010 kg

Amount of concrete in the Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest concrete structure

1011 kg

3 × 1011 kg

Total human world population

2 × 1011 kg

Amount of water stored in London storage reservoirs (0.2 km³)

1–8 × 1011 kg

Total biomass of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, thought to be the most plentiful creature on the planet

1012 kg
petagram (Pg)

3.91 × 1012 kg

World oil production in 2001

1013 kg

 

 

1014 kg

2–3 × 1014 kg

Amount of rock that exploded in the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in 1815

1015 kg
exagram (Eg)

1 × 1015 kg

Estimated total world coal reserves economically accessible using current mining technology

1016 kg

 

 

1017 kg

 

 

1018 kg
zettagram (Zg)

5 × 1018 kg

Earth's atmosphere

1019 kg

 

 

1020 kg

8.7 × 1020 kg

Ceres, the largest asteroid in the Asteroid Belt

1021 kg
yottagram (Yg)

1.35×1021 kg

Earth's oceans

1.6×1021 kg

Charon, the moon of Pluto

2.3×1021 kg

Total mass of the Asteroid Belt

1022 kg

1.2 × 1022 kg

Pluto

7.35 × 1022 kg

Earth's Moon

1023 kg

1.2 × 1023 kg

Titan, largest moon of Saturn

1.5 × 1023 kg

Triton, largest moon of Neptune

1.5 × 1023 kg

Ganymede, largest moon of Jupiter

3.2 × 1023 kg

Mercury

6.4 × 1023 kg

Mars

1024 kg

4.9 × 1024 kg

Venus

6.0 × 1024 kg

The Earth

1025 kg

8.7 × 1025 kg

Uranus

1026 kg

1.0 × 1026 kg

Neptune

5.7 × 1026 kg

Saturn

1027 kg

1.9 × 1027 kg

Jupiter

1028 kg

1–17 × 1028 kg

Brown dwarf stars

1029 kg

 

 

1030 kg

2 × 1030 kg

Sun; one solar mass

2.9 × 1030 kg

Chandrasekhar limit (1.44 solar masses)

1031 kg

4 × 1031 kg

Betelgeuse, a red supergiant star

1032 kg

 

 

1033 kg

 

 

1034 kg

 

 

1035 kg

 

 

1036 kg

2 × 1036 kg

Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy

1037 kg

 

 

1038 kg

 

Typical mass of a globular cluster

1039 kg

 

 

1040 kg

 

 

1041 kg

3.6 × 1041 kg

Visible mass of the Milky Way galaxy

1042 kg

2 × 1042 kg

Total mass of the Milky Way galaxy

1043 kg

 

 

1044 kg

 

 

1045 kg

 

 

1046 kg

2 × 1046 kg

Virgo Supercluster

1047 kg

 

 

1048 kg

 

 

1049 kg

 

 

1050 kg

 

 

1051 kg

 

 

1052 kg

2 × 1052 kg

Mass of a critical density Universe

3 × 1052 kg

Mass of the observable universe